Skip to main content

IUPAC naming Of Aromatic Compounds

Definition of Aromatic Compounds:

"Compounds containing benzene ring have distinctive fragrances. Hence, benzene family compounds are called Aromatic compounds. Example: Toluene, Aniline and Phenol".

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compunds.
Figure 1.1


Long form of IUPAC:

"International union of pure and applied chemistry".

Aromatic compounds having benzene in their structural formula have been important in Chemistry. In the IUPAC naming of  aromatic compounds common names of derivatives of benzene, such as Toluene, Aniline and Phenol, are used to name the whole compound.

Figure  below shows the structure of Toluene, Aniline and Phenol:

Let's see how these derivatives of benzene are named:

No.1) 

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compounds.
Figure 1.2

When benzene ring has only one substituent, there is no need of numbering. And as per IUPAC, first comes the name of substituent, followed by the common name  benzene. Example: Toluene, Aniline, and Phenol.

No.2) 

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compounds.
Figure 1.3


When benzene ring has more than one substituent, then, start numbering in a way that gives the lowest number to all substituents. Example: 1,2-Dichlorbenzene.(refer figure 1.3)

No.3) 

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compounds.
Figure 1.4


When common names such as toluene, aniline or phenol are used, start numbering from carbon attached to methyl, amine or hydroxyl group. Example: 2-Chlorotoluene.(refer figure 1.4)

No.4) 

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compounds.
Figure 1.5


Substituents are named in an alphabetical order.(refer figure 1.5)

Lets discuss IUPAC naming of 2,6-Dibromo-4-chlorotoluene:

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compounds.
Figure 1.6- 2,4-Dibromo-4-chlorotoluene

As per structure in the figure 1.6, above, we have to start numbering from carbon attached to  -CH3 substituent group. Thus, out of two -Br substituents, 1st -Br substituent is attached to second-carbon and 2nd -Br substituent group is attached to sixth carbon. And -Cl substituent group is attached to fourth-carbon. Thus, the Final name in an alphabetical order, is 2,6-Dibromo-4-chlorotoluene.
In case of two or more same substituents prefix di, tri, tetra is used. Example: 1,3,5- Trichlorobenzene, 4-Bromo-2-chlorotoluene, 2,6-Dibromo-4-chlorotoluene.( refer figure 1.6)

IUPAC naming of Aromatic compounds.
Figure 1.7


Example: 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, 1,3-Dichlorobenzene, 1,4-Dichlorobenzene.(refer figure 1.7)

I hope you liked my blog. I would love to hear from you and your each feedback would urge me to give you a better scientific content each time.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Photosynthesis Timeline.

Process of photosynthesis with no if and but, without any doubt, will retain a position forever, among one of the most important chemical reactions occurring on the planet earth. Let's go through historical timeline of who, how and when, great people contributed to understand exactly what happens during Photosynthesis: In c350BC, Aristotle proposes plants, like animals, require food. In c300BC, Theophrastus writes that plants gets food through their roots. In 1450, Nicholas of cusa he proposes an experiment which he never performed, in which the plant is weighed and then planted in the weight amount of soil in the container. Plant, soil and applied water are weighed after a period of growth. He speculated this experiment will proove that the mass gained in the plant, is only due to water and not the soil. In 1648, Jean Baptist Van Helmont performs the experiment originally proposed by Nicholas Cusa, 200 years earlier. The experiment was performed on willow tree, which prooved that
Post a Comment
Read more

Organic Chemistry

What is Organic? The word organic is derived from the word Organism. Organic is something which is directly obtained from Nature or derivative of a nature. All Organic substances you will find are majorly formed of carbon and hydrogen. We all use organic substances/compounds such as all fossil fuels(diesel, petrol, gasoline, and natural gas), clothing, drugs, and cosmetics. What is an Organic Chemistry? Now, as you are well aware of the word Organic, it is easy for you to understand Organic Chemistry. Compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms are called Organic compounds. These organic compounds along with carbon and hydrogen may also contain oxygen and other non metallic elements such as Nitrogen, Sulphur, Halogens and Phosphorous in trace amounts. The branch of chemistry which studies properties, and reactions of organic compounds is called an Organic Chemistry. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, caffeine, heroine, oxytocin, glucose, fructose, DNA, RNA, alcohols, Carboxylic acids an
Post a Comment
Read more

Alkanes

Alkanes: I have discussed definition of Organic compounds in my earlier blogs but still we will go through the definition once again. So, The organic compounds are the compounds containing carbon and hydrogen atoms. These organic compounds may also contain oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, phosphorous, and halogens. Alkanes are the organic compounds formed of carbon and hydrogen, bonded only by single bonds. Carbon chain in alkanes contains only single bond and this is a unique characteristic which differentiates alkanes from other types of organic compounds. Let's see who are the members of alkane family in the figure as follows: You can see in the figure above all the condensed structural formulas of alkanes from Methane to Decane shows all carbons attached by single bond in a straight chain. But there are the type of alkanes with a structure having a branch or group(functional group) attached to such a single chain structure. Hence, keeping this in mind, structure of alkanes can be of
Post a Comment
Read more